Car-roof



(No Model.) f

C. B. H'UTGHINS.

OAR ROOF.

o0 7m l. C M 0 e, N www d j m im e l Q06 t l .a A P l 6. /1 .1. QUI. l n M/ No 74% 4 ,z Y www UNITED *STATES PATENT rrrcn.

CARLETON B. HUTCHINS, OF DETROIT, MICHIGAN, ASSIGNOR TO HIMSELF, CHARLES H. HUTCHINS AND EUGENE R. HUTCHINS, OF SAME PLACE, AND HARRY B. HUTCHINS, OF ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN.

CAR- ROOF.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 372,316, dated November 1, 1887.

Application led May 14, 1857. Serial No. 238,201. (No model.)

To aZZ whom it may concern.:

.Be itknown thati, GARLETON B. HU'rcHrNs, a citizen ofthe United States,rcsiding in Detroit, inthe county of Wayne and State ofMichigan,

have invented a new and useful Improvement in Car-Roofs,of which the followingis a specification. l

My invention relates to improvements in car-roofs, and more particularly to roofs made io in part of roofing composition.

The object of theinvention is to provide an efficient, strong, and durable car-roof ofasiniple construction.

In the accompanying drawings,which form a part of this specification, and in which similar letters of reference indicate like parts, Figure 1 is a perspective view of a car-roof embodying my invention, the roof being shown in the several stages of construction at differ-` zo `ent parts of its length. Fig. 2 is an enlarged crosssection of the same, the thickness of the several layers of felt, rooting compositionand boards being somewhat exaggerated in order to show the same more clearly.

In the drawings, A represents a car; a, the side plates; ct', the ridge center purlin, and a2 a2 the intermediate purl'in.

B is the under or foundation layer of boards` ofthe roof, andi) is the cornice.

The under course of boards B are sawed off even with the cornice b around the car. The corniceb is nailed directly to the vertical siding-boards as of the car. Two sheets of dry felt, C C, are rst applied or laid directly upon the rooiing-boards B, each reaching from the edge of the roof up over the ridge, and lapping at the ridge preferably about four inches.` Then two sheets of saturated felt, D D, are applied,which project over the edge of thc roof, 4o preferably two inches, and lap four inches at the ridge. A coat of roong composition, E, is then applied from Within two inches of the edge ofthe felt up to the ridge on both sides, and then the two sheets of saturated felt, D' D', are applied directly on top the roofingcomposition coat E, the edges of the sheets D D being just even with the sheets D D. The two thicknesses of saturated felt, D D', which project over the edge of the roof two inches,

lare bent down and tacked to the cornice with round tins and nails d d, preferably about two inches apart. Then a marginalstrip of wood, K, one inch wide and one-quarter of an inch thick, is nailed around the edge of the roof.

with the top of the wooden strips K. The top course of boards, H, which are preferably matched boards, are then applied, and should project over the cornice F about one inch and a half. Each board should be nailed at the lower edge or plate with three three-and-onequarter-inch wire nails, and at the ridge vand intervening ribs or pui-liu with two wirenails of the 'same length. The upper course of boards being embedded in the roofing composition, and thus allowing no water to get under them, preserves them from decay.

The object of the dry felt under the saturated felt is to absorb any composition or oils which might strike through the saturated felt which would otherwise discolor the under course of boards. The object of wooden strips K is to prevent any composition from running out and dripping down on cornice E from the weight of the upper course of boards and pressure when nailing the same.

The several coatings of roofing compound, owing to its plastic and yielding character, will closely embrace the nails and eii'ectually prevent any leaks around the nails. roofing compound also prevents the nails from rusting, and serves as a preservative for the rooting-boards H, with which it is in contact. N N are the longitudinal ridge or-running boards.

The roofing compound which I use, or prefer to use, for the several coatings E E' and The for saturating the felt is fully described in my Patent No. 333,467, ofDecember 29, 1885, and the composition of the same need not therefore be here described.

rIhe several coatings or layers of roofing compound, in connection with the layers ot' felt and the layer or course of rooting-boards embedded in the outer` layer of rooting compound, produce not only a perfectly watertight and water-proof roof, but an exceedingly strong and durable roof, which it is almost impossible to rack or injure by any ordinary strains or jars to which freight cars are generally subjected.

It is my experience that the layers of roofing compound, when combined in the manner of my invention with the rooting-boards and felt, add almost as much strength and rigidity to the roof as the roolingboards themselves. The rooting compound, when it becomes cool or hard, remains somewhat plastic and ilexible or elastic, but is still sufficiently tenacious, like rubber or leather, to add very niaterially tothe strength and stiffness of the roof as a whole when the outer layerI of roofing-boards are nailed vdown upon it.

I hereby disclaim as not oi' my invention the roofs shown and described in Patent No. 209,131, to Tobias New, ot' October 22, 1878, and Patent No. 313,971, to T. H. Vhite, of March 17, 1885.

I claim- 1. The car-roof havinga central longitudinal ridge, and composed ot' au under layer of boards, intermediate layers of i'elt and roofing compound, and an outer layer of roofingboards directly in Contact with the upperlayer of rooting compound, and longitudinal strips K along the eaves of said root', embedded in the rooting compound, and upon which the ends of said outer rooting-boards rest, said outer layer of rooting-boards being composed of a series o.t` wood boards extending longitudinally from the ridge of the roof to the eaves thereof', substantially as specified.

2. The, freight-car roof, comprising under layer of boards B, layers of felt C C, overlapping each other at the ridge ot' the roof and extending each in one piece to the edges of the roof, layer of saturated felt in two integral pieces, D D, projecting over the edges of the roof and overlapping each other at the ridge, coating of rooting compound E, layer of saturated felt in two integral pieces, D D, projecting over the edges of the roof and overlapping at the ridge, upper coating of roong compound E', and outer layer of boards H, eX- tending longitudinally from the ridge to the eaves, in contact with said upper coating E, substantially as specified.

3. rlhe freight-car roof, comprising under layer of boards B, layers of felt G C, overlapping each other at the ridges of the roof and extending to the edges of the roof,layer of saturated felt D D projecting over the edges of the root' and overlapping each other at the ridge, coating of rooting compound E, layer of saturated felt D D', projecting over the edges ofthe roofand overlapping at the ridge, upper coating of rooting compound E', marginal strips K, and outer layer of boards H, in contact with said upper coating E, said layers of felt being each composed of two integral pieces which overlap each other at the ridge and extend to the eaves, and said outer layer of rooting-boards being composed of wood boards extending longitudinally from the ridge to the eaves, substantially as specified.

4. The freight-ear roof, comprising under course of boards B, cornice b, felt O C, overlapping each other at the ridge of the roof, saturated felt D D, lapping down over cornice b at the edges of the roof and overlapping each other at the ridge, coating of rooting compound E, saturated felt D D, lapping over and nailed to cornice b at their outer edges and overlapping each other at the ridge, upper coating 0i' rooting compound E, Inarginal strips K, outer course of rooing-boards H, in contact with said upper coating of roofing compound, and outer cornice F, substantially as speeilied.

CARLETON B. HUTCHINS.

lVitnesses:

1V. M. LILLIBRIDGE, CnAnLns GLirrnn'r. 

